The combination of 1H NMR and 2D 1H- 31P HETCOR NMR enabled to describe the different chemical states of the 10-MDP bonds with zirconia they not only revealed ionic but also hydrogen bonding between 10-MDP and zirconia. 1H- 31P HETCOR NMR indicated that the 10-MDP monomer can be adsorbed onto the zirconia particles by hydrogen bonding between the P=O and Zr-OH groups or via ionic interactions between partially positive Zr and deprotonated 10-MDP (P-O −). 31P-NMR revealed that one P-OH non-deprotonated of the PO 3H 2 group from 10-MDP chemically bonded strongly to zirconia. These SBS tests revealed a 10-MDP concentration-dependent SBS with a minimum of 1-ppb 10-MDP needed. In addition, shear bond-strength (SBS) tests were conducted to determine the effect of 10-MDP concentration on the bonding effectiveness to zirconia. This study aimed to assess the chemical interaction and to demonstrate the mechanisms of coordination between 10-MDP and zirconium oxide using 1H and 31P magic angle spinning (MAS) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and two dimensional (2D) 1H → 31P heteronuclear correlation (HETCOR) NMR. However, little research has been conducted to unravel the underlying mechanisms. Currently, the functional monomer 10-methacryloyloxy-decyl-dihydrogen-phosphate (10-MDP) was documented to chemically bond to zirconia ceramics.
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